Global Lendings
The
funding avenues potentially open to a borrower in the global capital
markets can be categorised as follows:
(A) Bonds
-
Straight
Bonds
-
Floating
Rate Notes(FRNs)
-
Zero-coupon
and deep discount bonds
-
Bonds
with a variety of option features embedded in them.
(B)
Syndicated credits
These are bank loans, usually at floating rate of interest, arranged by
one or more lead managers (banks) with one or more other banks
participating in the loan. A number of variations on the basic theme are
possible.Also read about ECBs-External Commercial Borrowings Click here .
(C) Medium-Term Notes (MTNs)
(D) Committed Underwritten Facilities
In addition to these, export related credit mechanisms such as buyers' and
suppliers' credits, general purpose lines of credit, forfaiting are other
sources of Medium-to-long-term funding.
(E) Project Finance:
While it uses one or more of the funding instruments mentioned above, its
novelty lies in the way the financing package is put together. Now it has
become a highly specialised field.
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